Recently, Pan Jianwei and Chen Tengyun of the University of Science and Technology of China cooperated with Ma Xiongfeng of Tsinghua University to realize the pattern-matching quantum key distribution in experiments for the first time. The relevant research results were published in the international academic journal Physical Review Letters.

Quantum key distribution is based on the basic principles of quantum mechanics, which can realize theoretically unconditionally secure secure communication. The Pattern Matching Quantum Key Distribution Protocol (MP-QKD) is a new measurement device-independent quantum key distribution protocol proposed by the Ma Xiongfeng Research Group of Tsinghua University in 2022. Compared with the original measurement device-independent protocol, more The detection events are used for coding, which can greatly improve the coding rate; compared with the double-field quantum key distribution protocol and phase matching protocol, there is no need for complex laser frequency-locking and phase-locking technology, which saves costs and reduces the difficulty of practical application , At the same time, it has better anti-interference ability to environmental noise.

Based on the pattern-matching quantum key distribution protocol proposed by the Ma Xiongfeng research group of Tsinghua University, Pan Jianwei and Chen Tengyun's research group used the data post-processing method of maximum likelihood estimation to accurately estimate the frequency difference of two independent lasers for parameter estimation, and combined The high-efficiency single-photon detector developed by the Shanghai Institute of Microsystems of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has achieved safe coding of 100 kilometers, 200 kilometers, 300 kilometers of laboratory standard optical fiber, and 400 kilometers of ultra-low loss optical fiber. Compared with In the previous original MDI experiment, the coding rate has been significantly improved, and the coding rate has increased by 3 orders of magnitude compared with the previous experiment at distances of 300 kilometers and 400 kilometers.

Studies have shown that mode-matching quantum key distribution can achieve long-distance secure coding without the need for laser frequency-locking and phase-locking, and has a high coding rate in urban areas, which greatly reduces the difficulty of protocol implementation. Communication network construction is of great significance.