Jiang Xuefeng, a member of the Shanghai CPPCC and a professor at the School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of East China Normal University.
The first meeting of the 14th Shanghai CPPCC was held in Shanghai from January 10 to 14. Jiang Xuefeng, a member of the Shanghai Municipal People's Political Consultative Conference and a professor at the School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of East China Normal University, intends to submit a proposal to strengthen local financial support for basic scientific research in Shanghai.
Jiang Xuefeng said that basic research is the root of science and technology, although it cannot be seen immediately, it is the foundation of solid accumulation. my country's basic research investment has grown rapidly in recent years. In 2021, national basic research funding will account for 6.5% of research and experimental development (R&D) funding. However, compared with 15% in developed countries in Europe and the United States, further optimization is needed. Although this proportion of Shanghai is also in the forefront, it still needs to be further strengthened to match the forward-looking leading role of the science and technology innovation center. Jiang Xuefeng believes in the proposal that Shanghai strengthens the intensity and breadth of its support for basic research, further improves the detailed classification of support, and continuously strengthens weak and unstable handover links, which are important links for the construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Center to be full of stamina and leap forward.
According to Jiang Xuefeng's analysis, the reason why the investment in basic scientific research in Europe and the United States is high is because of the formation of a situation of "country + local + enterprises". "However, our current atmosphere and soil for corporate funding of basic research has not yet been fully formed. Local funding for basic scientific research is relatively small, and corporate funding is even rarer. This is also closely related to the form, orientation, support, and structure of industry-university-research practices. It is an important issue." Systematic engineering."
In addition, the support structure for basic research needs to be further optimized. Jiang Xuefeng said, "We need to further understand that there are many subdivided types of basic research, such as free exploration, problem orientation, value traction, collaborative innovation, etc., which need to be funded in a targeted manner." Bridging support between research and applied research is disconnected." When the basics go to the application, there is an intermediate state, which is why many technologies will be sacrificed on the "last mile" when they go to the industry. Jiang Xuefeng pointed out that enterprises have the requirements of closed-loop capital and project completion, and the uncertainty of technological innovation is often unpredictable, so it is a pity that many technological innovations that are about to open up the chain cannot enter the stage of benign "self-produced blood".
Based on the above, Jiang Xuefeng suggested to strengthen Shanghai's local financial support for basic scientific research. Focusing on tax reduction, policy preference, and talent support is not only material help, but also spiritual encouragement and a profound manifestation of the leading attitude of scientific and technological innovation.
Jiang Xuefeng also suggested to increase the proportion of the project of "revealing the list and taking command" to form a free reporting system of "non-hierarchical reporting system" for the whole society, so that capable and willing scientific and technological workers can transform the needs of the country into their own scientific research. Use wisdom to break through the "stuck neck" problem; establish a project support system combining basic research and applied research, establish an interdisciplinary application system, form a collaborative mechanism for Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation, and form a new situation for Shanghai's innovation and entrepreneurship.
According to a report by Economic Daily on September 5, 2022, Liu Hui, a researcher at the Institute of Technology Forecasting and Statistical Analysis of the China Academy of Science and Technology Development Strategy Feng also said that the proportion of basic research funds in the United States, Japan and Europe has basically remained between 12% and 23%. research ratio".
In the above report, Xuan Zhaohui, director of the Technology Forecasting and Statistical Analysis Institute of the China Academy of Science and Technology Development Strategy, said that basic research accounts for only 0.5% of the R&D expenditure of Chinese enterprises, compared with the proportion of European and American countries. Generally above 5%. More enterprises should be encouraged to increase investment in basic research. At the same time, government departments should continue to increase investment in basic research and attract more social capital to invest in research and development activities. The basic research funding of Chinese enterprises has been hovering at a low level for a long time. If the structure of R&D funding cannot be optimized and adjusted, it will not be conducive to solving the problem of key core technologies being controlled by others from the source.
According to the information released on the website of the International Bureau of Statistics on August 31, 2022, the "2021 Statistical Bulletin on National Science and Technology Funding Investment" shows that there are 11 provinces (municipalities) with R&D expenditures exceeding 100 billion yuan, an increase of 3 compared with the previous year (Hunan , Henan and Anhui); there are 6 provinces (municipalities) whose R&D investment intensity exceeds the national average level, namely Beijing (6.53%), Shanghai (4.21%), Tianjin (3.66%), Guangdong (3.22%), Jiangsu (2.95%) and Zhejiang (2.94%), the head effect of R&D investment intensity is becoming more and more apparent.
